HISTORIC GROWTH OF 'MAN.
THE WANTS OF SOCIETY.
49
young person to be its object. And so of each social faculty. They bind human beings together in society ; they make association essential to our normal existence. More than that, science teaches us that every one of these social faculties must involve the intellect and the will in order to express itself. It is therefore a scientific truth that all of our faculties are involved in the relations of society. Man is not like a tree in this regard. You cannot isolate him from his fellows and yet have him live a full or complete life.
The eye of man adapts him to live in a world which is full of light; the ear is fitted to a world where sounds are made, and the lungs are adapted to a wide-spread atmosphere. And it is equally true that the social faculties adapt man to live in a world of society.
As the eye can only be satisfied by light, the lungs by air and the stomach by food, so each mental organ has wants of only one kind. Thus the wants of Friendship always relate to friends in some way; those of Integrity can only be satisfied by justice or right, and those of Reason by clear or scientific truth. For a negative example, you cannot satisfy the organ of Dignity by proving that a mixture of red and blue may produce a purple hue. But such an experiment might gratify the organ of Color.
All men admit that we may learn the laws of vision for the eye, or the laws of breathing for the lungs. But the brain is not an abstraction. It is a real physical organ, as much so as the eye or the lungs. It must be, therefore, that the social organs of the brain have natural laws to govern their normal action. And we may learn and apply these natural laws to our social institutions.
A TRUE SOCIAL SCIENCE must do something more
than to merely study the lessons of past human
experience. Classified statistics do not constitute
sociology. If true to its work, on the basis of natural
laws, sociology must describe a definite constitution
for society, including all of its necessary institutions
and departments. We will now show on the next
page how this must and can be done. We shall base
the argument upon propositions which become self
evident when once they are stated.
If the method here proposed is new, then let our
readers remember that science always gives us new methods, as in the railway, the telegraph and the telephone. And the new methods are quite as certain as the old, aside from their great gain in other essen
tial qualities.
THE WANTS OF MAN in society arise from every group of faculties. They are a natural outgrowth. For example -the organs of memory, attention and language create the desire for knowledge and lead us to organize a system of schools where useful facts and truths may be easily learned.
These faculties also impel us
to preserve public records, with history and literature.
The mental faculties of appetite and of the other senses in that group lead men to unite so that they may cultivate the earth for food; they induce men to form railway and other companies which may
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